Kutshanje, umhlobo wayebuza, zingaphi iikhamera zokucupha inethiwekhi ezinokutshintsha?Zingaphi iiswitshi zegigabit ezinokudityaniswa kwi-2 yezigidi zeekhamera zenethiwekhi?Iintloko zenethiwekhi ezingama-24, ndingasebenzisa i-24-port 100M switch?ingxaki enjalo.Namhlanje, makhe sijonge ubudlelwane phakathi kwenani lamazibuko okutshintsha kunye nenani leekhamera!
1. Khetha ngokuhambelana nekhowudi kunye nobuninzi bekhamera
1. Umjelo wekhowudi yekhamera
Ngaphambi kokukhetha iswitshi, qala ufumanise ukuba umfanekiso ngamnye uhlala kangakanani na.
2. Inani lekhamera
3. Ukubona umthamo we-bandwidth yokutshintsha.Ukutshintsha okuqhelekileyo okusetyenziswayo kukutshintsha kwe-100M kunye nokutshintsha kweGigabit.I-bandwidth yabo yokwenyani ngokuqhelekileyo kuphela yi-60 ~ 70% yexabiso lethiyori, ngoko ke i-bandwidth ekhoyo yamachweba abo i-60Mbps okanye i-600Mbps.
Umzekelo:
Jonga umlambo omnye ngokohlobo lwekhamera ye-IP oyisebenzisayo, uze uqikelele ukuba zingaphi iikhamera ezinokudityaniswa kwiswitshi.umzekelo :
①1.3 yezigidi: I-960p eyodwa yekhamera yekhamera idla ngokuba yi-4M, kunye ne-100M yokutshintsha, unokudibanisa iiyunithi ze-15 (15 × 4 = 60M);kunye nokutshintsha kwegigabit, unokudibanisa i-150 (150 × 4 = 600M).
②2 yezigidi: Ikhamera ye-1080P enomlambo omnye ngokuqhelekileyo i-8M, kunye ne-100M yokutshintsha, unokudibanisa iiyunithi ze-7 (7 × 8 = 56M);kunye ne-gigabit switch, unokudibanisa iiyunithi ze-75 (75 × 8 = 600M) Ezi ziqhelekileyo Thatha ikhamera ye-H.264 njengomzekelo ukukuchazela, i-H.265 inokwehliswa ngesiqingatha.
Ngokubhekiselele kwi-network topology, inethiwekhi yendawo yendawo idla ngokuba yi-two-three-layer structure.Isiphelo esidibanisa nekhamera siluluhlu lokufikelela, kunye nokutshintsha kwe-100M ngokuqhelekileyo ngokwaneleyo, ngaphandle kokuba udibanise iikhamera ezininzi kwitshintshi enye.
Umaleko odityanisiweyo kunye nondoqo womaleko kufuneka ubalwe ngokwendlela emingaphi imifanekiso edityanisiweyo ngayo.Indlela yokubala ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ukuba uqhagamshelwe kwikhamera yenethiwekhi ye-960P, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kweziteshi ze-15 zemifanekiso, sebenzisa i-100M switch;ukuba amajelo angaphezu kwe-15, sebenzisa i-gigabit switch;ukuba uqhagamshelwe kwikhamera yenethiwekhi ye-1080P, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kwe-8 iziteshi zemifanekiso, sebenzisa utshintsho lwe-100M, ngaphezu kwe-8 iziteshi zisebenzisa i-Gigabit switch.
Okwesibini, iimfuno zokhetho zokutshintsha
Inethiwekhi yokubeka iliso ine-architecture enemigangatho emithathu: i-core layer, i-aggregation layer, kunye ne-access layer.
1. Ukukhethwa kweeswitshi zofikelelo
Umqathango 1: Umlambo wekhowudi yekhamera: 4Mbps, iikhamera ze-20 yi-20 * 4 = 80Mbps.
Oko kukuthi, i-port yokulayisha yokutshintshwa komgangatho wokufikelela kufuneka ihlangabezane nemfuno yezinga lokudluliselwa kwe-80Mbps / s.Ukuqwalasela isantya sothumelo sangempela sotshintshi (ngokuqhelekileyo i-50% yexabiso eliqhelekileyo, i-100M imalunga ne-50M), ngoko ke umgca wokufikelela Ukutshintshwa kufuneka kukhethe ukutshintsha kunye ne-1000M yokulayisha i-port.
Umqathango 2: I-backplane bandwidth yokutshintsha, ukuba ukhetha i-24-port switch kunye nezibuko ezimbini ze-1000M, i-port ye-26 iyonke, ngoko iimfuno ze-backplane bandwidth zokutshintsha kwinqanaba lokufikelela zezi: (24 * 100M * 2 +) 1000*2*2 )/1000=8.8Gbps i-backplane bandwidth.
Umqathango 3: Izinga lokuthunyelwa kwepakethi: Isantya sokuthunyelwa kwepakethi ye-1000M ye-port yi-1.488Mpps / s, ngoko izinga lokutshintsha kotshintshi kwinqanaba lokufikelela ngu: (24 * 100M / 1000M + 2) * 1.488 = 6.55Mpps.
Ngokwale miqathango ingentla, xa iikhamera ze-20 720P zixhunyiwe kwi-switch, utshintsho kufuneka lube ne-1000M ubuncinane i-port yokulayisha kunye nangaphezulu kwe-20 100M ukufikelela kwii-ports ukuhlangabezana neemfuno.
2. Ukukhethwa kweeswitshi zomaleko wokudityaniswa
Ukuba utshintshiselwano olupheleleyo lwe-5 luxhunyiwe, utshintsho ngalunye luneekhamera ze-20, kwaye umzila wekhowudi ngu-4M, ngoko i-traffic ye-aggregation layer yile: 4Mbps * 20 * 5 = 400Mbps, ngoko i-port yokulayisha i-aggregation layer kufuneka ibe ngasentla. 1000M.
Ukuba ii-IPC ezi-5 zixhunyiwe kwi-switch, ngokuqhelekileyo i-8-port switch iyadingeka, ngoko oku
Ngaba i-8-port switch ihlangabezana neemfuno?Inokubonwa kule miba mithathu ilandelayo:
I-Bandplane ye-backplane: inani lamazibuko* isantya se-port*2=backplane bandwidth, okt 8*100*2=1.6Gbps.
Ipakethi yokutshintshiselana ngesantya: inani lamazibuko* isantya sezibuko/1000*1.488Mpps=ireyithi yokutshintshiselana ngepakethi, oko kukuthi, 8*100/1000*1.488=1.20Mpps.
Ipakethi yokutshintshiselana kwepakethi yezinye iitshintshi ngamanye amaxesha ibalwa ukuba ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nale mfuneko, ngoko ke i-non-speed-speed switch, ekulula ukubangela ukulibaziseka xa uphatha ubuninzi bomthamo omkhulu.
I-Cascade port bandwidth: I-IPC stream * ubungakanani = i-bandwidth encinci ye-port yokulayisha, okt 4.*5=20Mbps.Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa i-IPC bandwidth idlula i-45Mbps, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise i-1000M ye-cascade port.
3. Indlela yokukhetha iswitshi
Ngokomzekelo, kukho inethiwekhi ye-campus eneekhamera ezingaphezu kwe-500 ezicacileyo kunye nekhowudi yomzila we-3 ukuya kwi-4 megabytes.Ulwakhiwo lothungelwano lwahlulahlulwe lube ngumaleko wofikelelo-ukudibanisa umaleko-ongundoqo.Igcinwe kwi-aggregation layer, i-aggregation layer nganye ihambelana neekhamera ze-170.
Iingxaki ezijongene nazo: indlela yokukhetha iimveliso, umahluko phakathi kwe-100M kunye ne-1000M, zeziphi izizathu ezichaphazela ukuhanjiswa kwemifanekiso kwinethiwekhi, kwaye zeziphi izinto ezinxulumene nokutshintsha ...
1. Ibhanwidth ye-backplane
2 umphinda-phinda isixa somthamo wawo onke amazibuko x inani lamazibuko kufuneka libe ngaphantsi kwe-nominal backplane bandwidth, eyenza i-full-duplex engavaleliyo yocingo-speed switch, ebonisa ukuba iswitshi inemiqathango yokwandisa ukusebenza kokutshintsha idatha.
Umzekelo: iswitshi enokubonelela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-48 izibuko zeGigabit, umthamo wayo opheleleyo woqwalaselo kufuneka ufikelele kwi-48 × 1G × 2 = 96Gbps, ukuqinisekisa ukuba xa onke amazibuko akwi-duplex epheleleyo, inokubonelela ngokutshintsha kwepakethi ye-wire-speed engathinteliyo. .
2. Ireyithi yokuthumela ipakethi
Uqwalaselo olupheleleyo lokuthunyelwa kwepakethi yesantya (Mbps) = inani leezibuko ze-GE eziqwalaselwe ngokupheleleyo × 1.488Mpps + inani lamazibuko e-100M aqwalaselwe ngokupheleleyo × 0.1488Mpps, kunye nenkcazo yethiyori yezibuko enye yegigabit xa ubude bepakethe buyi-64 bytes88Mpps.
Umzekelo, ukuba utshintsho lunokubonelela ukuya kumazibuko angama-24 wegigabit kunye nenqanaba lokuthunyelwa kwepakethi efunwayo lingaphantsi kwe-35.71 Mpps (24 x 1.488Mpps = 35.71), ngoko kunengqiqo ukucinga ukuba iswitshi yenzelwe ngelaphu lokuthintela.
Ngokubanzi, iswitshi ene-backplane bandwidth eyaneleyo kunye nereyithi yokuhambisa ipakethi sisitshixo esifanelekileyo.
Ukutshintsha kunye ne-backplane enkulu kunye ne-throughput encinci, ngaphezu kokugcina amandla okuphucula kunye nokwandisa, uneengxaki nge-software esebenzayo / uyilo lwesekethe ye-chip ezinikeleyo;iswitshi ene-backplane encinci kunye ne-throughput enkulu ngokwentelekiso inomsebenzi ophezulu xa uwonke.
Umjelo wekhowudi yekhamera uchaphazela ukucaca, okuqhelekileyo ukusetwa kwekhowudi yokuhanjiswa kwevidiyo (kubandakanywa ne-encoding kunye ne-decoding capabilities ye-encoding yokuthumela kunye nezixhobo zokufumana, njl.), Okuyintsebenzo yekhamera yangaphambili kwaye ine-encoding. akukho nto yakwenza nenethiwekhi.
Ngokuqhelekileyo abasebenzisi bacinga ukuba ukucaca akukho phezulu, kwaye ingcamango yokuba ibangelwa yinethiwekhi ngokwenene ayiqondi kakuhle.
Ngokwale meko ingentla, bala:
Umlambo: 4Mbps
Ukufikelela: 24*4=96Mbps<1000Mbps<4435.2Mbps
Udityaniso: 170*4=680Mbps<1000Mbps<4435.2Mbps
3. Ukutshintsha ukufikelela
Ingqwalasela ephambili yi-bandwidth yekhonkco phakathi kokufikelela kunye nokudibanisa, oko kukuthi, umthamo we-uplink wokutshintsha kufuneka ube mkhulu kunenani leekhamera ezinokuthi zifakwe ngexesha elifanayo * izinga lekhowudi.Ngale ndlela, akukho ngxaki ngokurekhoda kwevidiyo ngexesha langempela, kodwa ukuba umsebenzisi ubukele ividiyo ngexesha langempela, le bandwidth kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo.I-bandwidth ethathwe ngumsebenzisi ngamnye ukujonga ividiyo yi-4M.Xa umntu omnye ebukele, i-bandwidth yenani lekhamera * bit rate * (1+N) iyafuneka, oko kukuthi, 24*4*(1+1)=128M.
4. Iswitshi yokudibanisa
I-aggregation layer idinga ukucubungula umlambo we-3-4M (170 * 4M = 680M) yeekhamera ze-170 ngexesha elifanayo, oku kuthetha ukuba ukutshintshwa kwe-aggregation layer ifuna ukuxhasa ukuhanjiswa ngaxeshanye ngaphezu kwe-680M yokutshintsha amandla.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukugcinwa kuxhunyiwe kwi-aggregation, ngoko ukurekhoda kwevidiyo kuthunyelwa kwisantya socingo.Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqwalasela i-bandwidth ye-real-time viewing and monitoring, uxhumano ngalunye luhlala kwi-4M, kwaye ikhonkco ye-1000M inokuxhasa iikhamera ze-250 ukuba zihlanjululwe kwaye zibizwe.Ukutshintsha kokufikelela ngalunye kuqhagamshelwe kwiikhamera ze-24, i-250/24, oku kuthetha ukuba inethiwekhi inokumelana noxinzelelo lwabasebenzisi be-10 abajonga ikhamera nganye ngexesha langempela ngexesha elifanayo.
5. Ukutshintsha okungundoqo
Ukutshintsha okungundoqo kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo amandla okutshintsha kunye ne-bandwidth yekhonkco kwi-aggregation.Ngenxa yokuba ukugcinwa kufakwe kwi-aggregation layer, i-core switch ayinayo ingcinezelo yokurekhoda kwevidiyo, oko kukuthi, kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ukuba bangaphi abantu ababukeleyo ukuba bangaphi amajelo evidiyo ngexesha elinye.
Ukucinga ukuba kule meko, kukho abantu abali-10 ababeka iliso ngexesha elinye, umntu ngamnye ubukele iziteshi ezili-16 zevidiyo, oko kukuthi, amandla otshintshiselwano kufuneka abe mkhulu kunoko.
10*16*4=640M.
6. Tshintshela ugxininiso lokukhetha
Xa ukhetha iiswitshi zokucupha uphononongo lwevidiyo kuthungelwano lwendawo yendawo, ukhetho lofikelelo lofikelelo kunye neeswitshi zomaleko wokudibanisa ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka kuqwalaselwe into yokutshintsha umthamo, kuba abasebenzisi bahlala beqhagamshela kwaye bafumane ividiyo ngokutshintsha okungundoqo.Ukongeza, ekubeni uxinzelelo oluphambili lukutshintsho kuluhlu lokudibanisa, alunaxanduva kuphela lokubeka iliso kwitrafikhi egciniweyo, kodwa kunye noxinzelelo lokujonga kunye nokufowuna ngexesha lokwenyani, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha ukudibanisa okufanelekileyo. iiswitshi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-17-2022